Реферат: Мировая экономика алмазного сырья (RTF)

?INNEENEEE OIEAA?NEOAO

Ae?OAEAU IA?IAeIA

Oaeoeueoao: Eiaeaia?iue

Eaoaae?a: IIE

A?oiia: EAI - 101a

? A O A ? A O

Ia oaio: " Ie?iaay yeiiiieea aeiaciiai nu?uey"

Nooaeaio: Oiianeiia Aien

?oeiaiaeeoaeue: Iao?ia A.N.

Iineaa 1998 a.

Niaea?aeaiea:

?ano?nu e caianu ?????????????????.no?.3

Aeiau/a e i?iecaiaenoai ??????????????..no?.4

Iio?aaeaiea ???????????????????.no?.6

Iaaeaeoia?iaeiay oi?aiaey ??????????????no?.8

Oeaia ???????????????????????no?.10

?ano?nu e caianu

I?iyaeaiey aeiacia ecaanoiu a 43 no?aiao ie?a. A 26 ec ieo,
iaeaaeathueo i?iiuoeaiii cia/eiuie neiieaieyie aeiacia, auyaeaiiua
?ano?nu ninoaaeytho aieaa 5 ie?ae. ea?aoia. Ieiei 62% ?ano?nia aeiacia
nin?aaeioi/aii a Ao?eea, aieaa 15% a Aia?eea, ieiei 10% - e Aano?aeee e
oieueei 1.5% - a Acee. A yoeo ?aaeiiao iie ?ani?aaeaeaiu oaeaea aanueia
ia?aaiiia?ii. Cia/eoaeueiay /anoue ?ano?nia aeiacia iaoiaeeony ia
oa??eoi?eyo anaai 8 no?ai:

Iaieaee (ieiei 20%), Aiaieu (ieiei 16%), Eaiaaeu (ieiei 14%), ?innee,
Aionaaiu (12%), Aano?aeee (10%), Cae?a (6%) e THA? (4%). A i?eaaaeaiiuo
oeeo?ao io?aaeaii nouanoaaiiia eciaiaiea a ?ani?aaeaeaiee ?ano?nia
aeiacia ca iineaaeiea 2-3 aiaea. Iii naycaii n onoaiiaeaieai
i?iiuoeaiiie cia/eiinoe ia?iiiie ii?neie ?innuiiie i?iaeioeee o
iiaa?aaeuey Iaieaee, aaea oaea ia/aoa iieiiianooaaiay aeiau/a aeiacia, a
oaeaea n iineaaeieie ioe?uoeyie a Eaiaaea, aaea auyaeaia i?iiuoeaiiay
aeiaciiiniinoue iiiaeo e?oiiuo aeeao?ai e aaea ieaie?oaony ia/aoue
aeiau/o a 1998 a.

Iauea caianu aeiacia, onoaiiaeaiiua e 25 no?aiao ie?a (aac ?innee),
ninoaaeytho ia ia/aei 1996 a. aieaa 1.6 ie?ae. ea?aoia (oaae.1).
Iniiaiay eo /anoue - 68.8% - nin?aaeioi/aia a Ao?eea, ieiei 20% - a
Aano?aeee, 11.1% - a THaeiie e Naaa?iie Aia?eea; ia aeieth Acee
i?eoiaeeony oieueei 0.3%. Ii/oe 95% caiania i?eoiaeeony anaai ia 6
no?ai: Aionaaio - 30.8%, Aano?aeeth - 20%, Aiaieo -15.1%, Cae? e Eaiaaeo
- ii 9.8%, THA? - 9.5%. ?inney ii caianai aeiacia caieiaao ia?aia ianoi
a ie?a.

Aeaaiui aaieiai-i?iiuoeaiiui oeiii ianoi?iaeaeaiee aeiacia yaeyaony
ei?aiiie, naycaiiue n o?oaeaie ac?uaa; a ieo nin?aaeioi/aii 84.5%
ie?iauo caiania. ?innuie caieiatho iiae/ei?iiia iieiaeaiea (15,6%) ii
aaee/eia caiania, ii aeiacu ec ieo, eae i?aaeei, eiatho cia/eoaeueii
aieaa aunieia ea/anoai. A iineaaeiea aiaeu aeiey ei?aiiuo
ianoi?iaeaeaiee, eae a ie?iauo caianao, oae e a aeiau/a iinoiyiii
oaaee/eaaeanue a nayce n iianaianoiui enoiuaieai ?innuiae - iauaeoia,
iaeaieaa aeinooiiuo e oaeiaiuo aeey yenieoaoaoeee. Aiciiaeii, neooaoeey
ianeieueei eciaieony a aoaeouai i?e aieaa eioaineaiii inaiaiee ii?neeo
?innuiae Iaieaee.

N?aaee ei?aiiuo ianoi?iaeaeaiee aeiieie?oao' eeiaa?eeoiaue oei. Iiea
ecaanoii oieueei iaeii, ii e?oiiaeoaa a ie?a ianoi?iaeaeaiea, naycaiiia
n ieeaeiiauie eaii?ieoaie, - o?oaea A?aaee a Aano?aeee. Aucaaiiua aai
ioe?uoeai в 1979 a. eioa?an e yoei ii?iaeai e iieneiaue aoi e iiaui
i?aeoe/aneei ?acoeueoaoai iiea ia i?eaaee. Ecaanoii oaeaea ianeieueei
n?aaieoaeueii iaaieueoeo ianoi?iaeaeaiee, caeeth/?iiuo a naiaia?aciuo
iaoaii?oeciaaiiuo ii?iaeao - oeeeeoao e oaeueeiauo neaioeao, eioi?ua,
ii-aeaeeiiio, i?aaenoaaeytho niaie ?aiiai?ioa?icieneea iaoa eeiaa?eeou
(Nuea??a-Eaiia, Aaia, Aaeaia) eee iaoaeiiaeiia?aou (A?aceeey).

Aeiau/a e i?iecaiaenoai

Aeiau/a aeiacia a i?iiuoeaiiuo ianooaaao a 1995 a. aaeanue a 22 no?aiao
(aac ?innee) e oaaee/eeanue ii n?aaiaieth n 1994 a. ia ii/oe ia 2%,
aeinoeaioa 94 iei. ea?aoia. Noieiinoue aeiauouo aeiacia ninoaaeyao ii
?aciui ioeaieai io 4.2 aei 6.2 ie?ae. aeiee. Aeiacia thaaee?iuo ni?oia
n?aaee ieo anaai ieiei 18%, ieiei 30% n/eoathony noauthaaee?iuie e 52% -
oaoie/aneeie. Iauai aeiau/e ?ani?aaeaeythony ii no?aiai e?aeia
ia?aaiiia?ii: 97.1% i?eoiaeeony ia 7 ec ieo, a oii /enea ia Aano?aeeth -
43.3%, Cae? - 21.2%, Aionaaio - ieiei 18%, THA? - 9.7%, Aiaieo - 2%,
A?aceeeth - 1.6%, Iaieaeth - 1.5%.

Iaeiaei aaeiaua eiee/anoaaiiua iieacaoaee, io?aaeathuea iauai aeiau/e a
ea?aoao, ia aeatho i?aaenoaaeaiey i ea/anoaa aeiauaaaiiai nu?uey. Aieaa
iauaeoeaiay oa?aeoa?enoeea aeiau/e iiaeao auoue iieo/aia iooai n?aaiaiey
noiia?iie noieiinoe aeiacia, aeiauouo aeaaiuie no?aiaie i?icaiaeeoaeyie.
Yoi iauyniyaony i/aiue aieueoie ?acieoeae a n?aaeiae noieiinoe aaeeieoeu
i?iecaiaeeiuo yoeie no?aiaie aeiacia: Aano?aeey - 9, Cae? - 22, Aiaiea -
394, Iaieaey - 652 aeiee. ca ea?ao.

I?iecaiaenoai a?eeeeaioia inouanoaeyaony, aeaaiui ia?acii, a
ianeieueeeo e?oiiuo niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo a?aieeueiuo oeaio?ao.

Ia?aaioea iaeaieaa aei?iaeo e?oiiuo e n?aaeieo eaiiae i?iecaiaeeony a
Aaeueaee, Ec?aeea e NOA. Caeanue noi?ie?iaaeny eiioeiaaio
aunieieaaeeoeoee?iaaiiuo niaoeeaeenoia, i?eiaiythony nia?aiaiiua, ai
iiiaii aaoiiaoece?iaaiiua oaoiieiaee. I?aaei?eyoey ii ia?aiea aeiacia -
iau/ii iaaieueoea, n /eneii ?aaioieeia io ianeieueeeo aei ianeieueeeo
aeanyoeia /aeiaae. Nu?ua aeiacu aeey yoeo oaa?ee i?eia?aoathony eae
/a?ac CSO De Beers, oae e o iacaaeneiuo i?iecaiaeeoaeae. I ianooaaao
?aaiou yoeo oeaio?ia iiaeii noaeeoue ii ?acia?o aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe
io i?iecaiaenoaaiiie e oi?aiai-iin?aaeie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe a noa?a
iia?aoeee n aeiacaie ca 1995 a., iieo/aiiie Aaeueaeae, - 2 ie?ae. aeiee.
e Ec?aeeai - 1.6 ie?ae. aeiee.

1995 aiae aue a oeaeii oaea/iui aeey i?iecaiaeeoaeae a?eeeeaioia, ii a
ia?aii iieoaiaeee 1996 a. iiiaea ec ieo noaee eniuouaaoue cia/eoaeueiua
o?oaeiinoe a nayce n i/a?aaeiui iiauoaieai oeai CSO e oneeeaoaeny
eiieo?aioeeae ni noi?iiu i?iecaiaeeoaeae ec no?ai n ieceei o?iaiai
iieaou o?oaea. Oae, ec nouanoaiaaaoeo a Ec?aeea 670 oe?i aieaa 60
cae?ueenue, noaeueaa iiiaeo inoa?ony iaii?aaeaeaiiie. Aeaaeaeueoeu
cae?uouo oaa?ee ioe?uaatho iiaua, iau/ii a no?aiao THai-Ainoi/iie Acee,
Ao?eee e Ainoi/iie Aa?iiu.

Iaeeea e ieceiea/anoaaiiue noauthaaee?iua aeiacu ("eiaeeeneee
anni?oeiaio") ecaeaaia a?aiyony a Eiaeee, eioi?ay yaeyaony e?oiiaeoei
ie?iaui i?iaeooeaioii aeao?auo a?eeeeaioia (yenii?o a 1995 a. ninoaaee
ieiei 50 iei. ea?.). Ii iaeioi?ui ioeaieai, a Eiaeee ia?aaaouaaaony
ieiei 65% anao aeiauouo a ie?a nu?uo aeiacia. Aeiaciia?aaaouaathuay
eiaeono?ey Eiaeee yaeyaony e?oiiaeoae a ie?a eae ii /eneo caiyouo a iae
(aieaa 600000 /aeiaae), oae e ii eiee/anoao ia?a?aaaouaaaiiai nu?uey e
iauae noieiinoe i?iaeoeoeee. Iineaaeiyy ninoaaeyao ieiei 45% iai?ioa
ie?iaie oi?aiaee ia?aaioaiiuie aeiacaie. Ia?aiea aeiacia aaae?ony
i?aeiouanoaaiii o?aaeeoeeiiiuie eonoa?iuie iaoiaeaie. A Eiaeee
ia?aaaouaathony i?aeiouanoaaiii aano?aeeeneea aeiacu, eioi?ua
i?eia?aoaeenue aei iineaaeiaai a?aiaie /a?ac CSO De Beers.

Cia/eoaeueiia eiee/anoai aeiacia a?aiyo oaeaea a THA?, Aano?aeee e a
no?aiao THai-Ainoi/iie Acee - Oaeeaiaea, O?e-Eaiea, Aiieiiaa, Neiaaio?a.
A iineaaeiaa a?aiy aaia?aoey ia?aaioee aeiacia ?anoe?eeanue ca n/?o
no?ai n ieceei o?iaiai iieaou o?oaea. Iaaethaeaaony oaeaea no?aieaiea
i?eaeeceoue ia?aaaouaathuea i?aaei?eyoey e enoi/ieeai aeiau/e aeiacia.
Oae, ?yae eiiiaiee, a oii /enea De Beers, Lazar Kaplan e ae?. nicaeatho
a?aieeueiua oaa?eee a Aionaaia, Iaieaee, THA?, Eeoaa, /anoi aeiaieueii
e?oiiua, n /eneii ?aaioathueo 50-100 /aeiaae, a a ia?niaeoeaa - aei 500
/aeiaae.

A 1994-95 aa. noaea aeeiaie/ii ?acaeaaoueny a?aieeueiay i?iiuoeaiiinoue
?innee. Yoi auei naycaii n i?aaiecaoeeae iiiai/eneaiiuo niaianoiuo
i?aaei?eyoee n o/anoeai eiino?aiiuo ia?oia?ia e i?aaeinoaaeaieai ei
ainoaea?noaaiiuo oiaa?iuo e?aaeeoia a aeaea nu?uo aeiacia, iinoaaeyaiuo
naa?o ?inneeneiai eiio?aeoa n De Beers. A?aieeueiua i?aaei?eyoey
nicaeathony e a sseooee, aaea ian/eouaaaony oaea 16 oaa?ee n /eneii
?aaioieeia ieiei 2000 /ae. Iauai ia?a?aaioee a 1994-95 aa. ninoaaeye a
aeaiaaeiii au?aaeaiee ieiei 1 ie?ae. aeiee. aaeaaiaeii, i?ioea 500 iei.
aeiee. a 1993 a. A oaenoa iiaeaioiaeaiiiai iiaiai oi?aiaiai niaeaoaiey
caoeene?iaaiu iieiaeaiey, niinianoaothuea eioaa?aoeee ?innee a ie?iaia
aeiacii-a?eeeeaioiaia niiauanoai; iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony i?aai ia?aie ?oee
aeey ?inneeneeo a?aieeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee i?e iieo/aiee nu?uey io
eiiiaiee AE?INA; eciaiyaony i?ioeaaeo?a niaeaniaaiey i?aeneo?aioa oeai
ia i?iaeaaaaiua aeiacu e ?anoe?ai ?acia? eiio?ieueiiai ieia aeey
aeiacia, iayooaeoeaiuo e ia?aiea a ?innee.

I?iecaiaenoai neioaoe/aneeo aeiacia a ie?a a 1995 a., eae e a
i?aaeoanoaiaaaoea aiaeu, nouanoaaiii aic?inei e ioeaieaaaony a 550-600
iei. ea?. E?oiiaeoei i?iaeooeaioii inoathony NOA, ia aeieth eioi?uo
i?eoiaeeony 141 iei. ea?., /oi ninoaaeyao 24-26% neioaoe/aneeo aeiacia,
iieo/aiiuo a ie?a a 1995 a. (oaae. 23.6, ii aeaiiui Mineral Commodity
Summaries, 1996, n.21).

E?iia NOA, e?oiiaeoeie i?iecaiaeeoaeyie neioaoe/aneeo aeiacia yaeythony
?inney, THA? e E?eaiaeey. Ana ia?a/eneaiiua no?aiu au?aaaouaatho aianoa
aieaa 71% neioaoe/aneeo aeiacia. A 1994-95 aa. caiaoii oaaee/eee
i?iecaiaenoai E?eaiaeey, THA?, Oaaoeey, Aa?iaiey, THaeiay Ei?ay e NOA.
Ianeieueei oe?i a NOA e ssiiiee ?ac?aaioaee iiaua oaoiieiaee
i?iiuoeaiiiai iieo/aiey neioaoe/aneeo eaiiae, a oii /enea - thaaee?iuo.

Iio?aaeaiea

Iio?aaeaiea oaoie/aneeo aeiacia a 1995 a. i?iaeieaeaei oaai/eaaoueny e
ninoaaeei, ii iaeioi?ui ioeaieai, ieiei 795 iei. ea?., ec eioi?uo ieiei
90% i?eoiaeeeinue ia neioaoe/aneea aeiacu. Iauay noiia i?iaeaae
oaoie/aneeo aeiacia a ie?a a 1994 a. ioeaieaaaony a 550 iei. aeiee.
Ni?in ia oaoie/aneea aeiacu, a iniiaiii iaeeeo eeannia, ca iineaaeiea 20
eao ?in a n?aaeiai ia 13% aaeaaiaeii, nii?iaiaeaeaynue onoie/eaui
iaaeaieai oeai a ?acoeueoaoa niaa?oainoaiaaiey oaoiieiaee i?iecaiaenoaa
e ino?ie eiieo?aioeee ia ?uiea. Yoio ?ino iauyniyaony, i?aaeaea anaai
iinoiyiiui ?anoe?aieai noa?u eniieueciaaiey oaoie/aneeo aeiacia. A NOA
iniiaiuie iaeanoyie i?eiaiaiey oaoie/aneeo aeiacia yaeythony:
iaoeiino?iaiea - 27%, aaieiaey (a iniiaiii, ecaioiaeaiea ao?iaiai
eino?oiaioa) - 18%, i?iecaiaenoai no?ieiaoa?eaeia e ecaeaeee ec ea?aieee
- 17%, aa?aceaia - 16%, no?ieoaeueiiai iai?oaeiaaiey - 13%,
o?ainii?oiiai iai?oaeiaaiey - 6%; i?i/aa - 3%. A oi aea a?aiy a NOA
i?ienoiaeeei nieaeaiea eniieueciaaiey oaoie/aneeo eaiiae aieioue aei
i?aeoe/anee iieiiai ioeaca io ieo a 1995 a.

Iio?aaeaiea a?eeeeaioia. Iauaie?iaie ni?in ia a?eeeeaiou iinoiyiii
?ano?o. Ca iineaaeiea 10 eao i?iaeaaea a?eeeeaioia oaaee/eeanue a
noieiinoiii au?aaeaiee ia 112%. A 1995 a. iau?i i?iaeaae a?eeeeaioia
ninoaaee ieiei 12 ie?ae. aeiee., - ia 5% aieueoa, /ai a 1994 a., ii
noieiinoe e ia 8% - ii aano. Iau?i ?icie/iuo i?iaeaae thaaee?iuo
ecaeaeee n a?eeeeaioaie i?e yoii au?in aei 47.2 ie?ae. aeiee., ia 5% ii
n?aaiaieth n 1994 a.; iauay noieiinoue a?eeeeaioia a ieo aeinoeaea 11.4
ie?ae. aeiee., ia 7% aieueoa, /ai a 1994a.

*aoaa?oue aiae iiae?yae oaaee/eaathony i?iaeaaee thaaee?iuo oe?aoaiee n
a?eeeeaioaie a NOA, eioi?ua inoathony eo e?oiiaeoei iio?aaeoaeai. A 1995
a. ?ino ninoaaee 7% ii /eneo i?iaeaiiuo ecaeaeee, 6% - ii eo noieiinoe e
9% - ii noieiinoe a ieo a?eeeeaioia.

Iauai yiiineiai ?uiea a?eeeeaioia niiinoaaei n aia?eeaineei. Ii
iaeioi?ui ioeaieai, ii oaea i?aacioae aia?eeaineee, aeinoeaioa a 1995 a.
?oaaaea 13.3 ie?ae. aeiee. ?ino i?iaeaae thaaee?iuo oe?aoaiee n
a?eeeeaioaie ninoaaee 7%; iiauoaiiui ni?inei iieueciaaeenue a?eeeeaiou
e?oiiaa 1 ea?.

A Aa?iia iio?aaeaiea thaaee?iuo ecaeaeee n a?eeeeaioaie oaaee/eeinue a
n?aaeiai ia 5%, a iniaaiii cia/eoaeueiue ?ino i?iaeaae iaaethaeaeny ai
O?aioeee - ia 11%, Aa?iaiee - ia 9%, Aiaeee - ia 7%.

Ao?ii ?acaeaaaoeeny ?uiie THai-Ainoi/iie Acee a 1995 a. aue ioaa/ai
canoiai - i?iaeaaea a?eeeeaioia a thaaee?iuo ecaeaeeyo caeanue au?inea
anaai ia 2%, i?e/?i ia Oaeaaia - iaaeaaiai eeaea?a thaaee?iiai ?uiea -
oiaea ia 25%.

Aeoeaii ?anoe?yaony iio?aaeaiea a?eeeeaioia a Eeoaa. Ii ioeaieai
iaeioi?uo yenia?oia, aeiaciue ?uiie Eeoay a aeeaeaeoai aoaeouai iiaeao
noaoue iaeaieaa e?oiiui ia oieueei a Acee, ii e a ie?a.

A nayce n oeo/oaieai ia?niaeoea ie?iiai o?aaoee?iaaiey e?ecena ia
Aeeaeiai Ainoiea ?ano?o cia/aiea a?aaneiai ?uiea a?eeeeaioia, ?ieinoue
eioi?iai oaea nae/an ioeaieaaaony a 500-600 iei. aeiee. a aiae.

A oeaeii ia?niaeoeau ie?iaiai ?uiea a?eeeeaioia auaeyaeyo
iaiaaeaaeeaathua, iniaaiii ia oiia iioeienoe/aneeo i?iaiicia,
eanathueony i?aaenoiyuaai ia?eiaea auno?iai yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey
aaaeoueo ainoaea?noa ie?a. Iaaethaeaaony ?anoe?aiea iaeanoae
eniieueciaaiey a?eeeeaioia a nayce n iiyaeaieai a iaeioi?uo no?aiao, a
oii /enea a NOA e ssiiiee, iiaie o?aaeeoeee - ecaioiaeaiey ia?o/aeueiuo
eieaoe n a?eeeeaioaie. Ai iiiaii yoiio niinianoaoao aeoeaiay ?aeeaiiay
aeayoaeueiinoue, i?iaiaeeiay, a /anoiinoe, eiiiaieae De Beers n o/?oii
iaoeeiiaeueiuo iniaaiiinoae e nia?aiaiiuo oaiaeaioeee ?acaeoey ?acee/iuo
no?ai. Ia yoo ?aeeaiioth eaiiaieth De Beers ?anoiaeoao aaeaaiaeii 200
iei. aeiee. - aieueoa, /ai ia ana aaieiai-iieneiaun ?aaiou.

Iaaeaeoia?iaeiay oi?aiaey

Iaaeaeoia?iaeiay oi?aiaey aeiacaie i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aanueia
neiaeioth, ?acaaoae?iioth, iiiainooiai/aooth e o?aaeeoeeiiii cae?uooth
nenoaio.

Aeaaiay ?ieue ia ia?ae/iii ?uiea aeiacia i?eiaaeeaaeeo Oeaio?aeueiie
nauoiaie i?aaiecaoeee CSO eiiiaiee De Beers, aace?othuaeny a Eiiaeiia,
eioi?ay aei iaaeaaiaai a?aiaie eiio?iee?iaaea ieiei 80% (a noieiinoiii
au?aaeaiee) ie?iauo i?iaeaae iaia?aaioaiiuo aeiacia. N auoiaeii ec
ea?oaey aano?aeeeneie oe?iu Argyle yoa oeeo?a oiaiueoeeanue ia 5-6%. CSO
De Beers, nicaeaiiay a 30-o aiaeao, neoaeeo eino?oiaioii aeey
iiaeaea?aeaiey aunieeo e noaaeeueiuo oeai ia aeiacu. Iiiiiieecaoeey
cia/eoaeueiie /anoe ?uiea nu?uo aeiacia iicaieyea CSO yooaeoeaii
iiaeaea?aeeaaoue ?aaiiaanea iaaeaeo ni?inii e i?aaeeiaeaieai. A aa
ooieoeee aoiaeeo iieoiea nu?uey o no?ai e oe?i-i?iecaiaeeoaeae, a oaeaea
ni?oe?iaea, ioeaiea e i?iaeaaea aeiacia ia ia?ae/iii ?uiea. E?iia oiai,
CSO /a?ac iaoe?ioth naoue naieo i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoa inouanoaeyao
iiieoi?eia ?uiea aeiacia e a?eeeeaioia, a oaeaea i?iaiaeeo
oe?ieiianooaaiua ?aeeaiiua eaiiaiee.

I?iaeaaee inouanoaeythony ia naeaao (niio?ao), ono?aeaaaiuo 10 ?ac a
aiaeo, a eioi?uo iiaoo i?eieiaoue o/anoea oieueei 160 e?oiiuo iinoiyiiuo
iioiauo eeeaioia (naeooieaea?ia). I?aaiecaoeey i?iaeaae aanueia
niaoeeoe/ia. Aeey eaaeaeiai naeoa aioiayony anni?oeiaioiua ia?oee,
eiee/anoai aeiacia a eioi?uo e eo ea/anoaaiiua oa?aeoa?enoeee
iiaeae?athony ia oieueei ii i?aaeaa?eoaeueiui cayaeai eeeaioia, ii e n
o/?oii iaiaoiaeeiinoe iiaeaea?aeaiey ?aaiiaaney iaaeaeo ni?inii e
i?aaeeiaeaieai ia oa eee eiua eaoaai?ee eaiiae.

Iinoaaee nu?uo aeiacia a CSO i?iecaiaeeoaeyie ?aaoee?othony nenoaiie
eaio. CSO ?aniieaaaao aiciiaeiinoyie aeey ?aaoee?iaaiey ?uiea, eiay
cia/eoaeueiua oeiainiaua n?aaenoaa, a oaeaea aooa?iue caian aeiacia,
eioi?ua eniieuecothony aeey eeeaeaeaoeee aeaoeoeeoa nu?uey ia ?uiea e
o?aiaiey aai eceeoeia a ia?eiaeu iiieaeaiiiai ni?ina. Aeinoaoi/ii
ae?noeee eiio?ieue ca ninoiyieai ?uiea a i?eioeeia auaiaeai anai,
eiathuei oioue eaeia-oi ioiioaiea e aeiacai, - io eo aeiauo/eeia e
i?iaeaaoeia aei, eae yoi ie no?aiii ia ia?aue acaeyae, iieoiaoaeae
aioiaie thaaee?iie i?iaeoeoeee. Ana iie caeioa?aniaaiu a iinoiyiiii
?inoa noieiinoe aeiacia; aeey ia?auo yoi icia/aao aiciiaeiinoue
iieo/aoue i?eaueue e ?anoe?youe i?iecaiaenoai, aeey aoi?uo - aa?aioeth
iaae?aeiiai iiiauaiey aeiaeaiiiai a iieoieo eaieoaea, /anoi - iaiaeiai.

Iaeiieaiaeueiay nenoaia nauoa ooieoeeiie?iaaea aeinoaoi/ii iaae?aeii ia
i?ioyaeaiee 60 eao. Ca enoaeoee ia?eiae oieueei 3 no?aiu iieeioee a? -
Aaia (1962 a.), Cae? (1981 a.), a oaeaea Aano?aeey (1996 a.), iineieueeo
eiiiaiey Argyle Diamond Mines ni/ea, /oi aeaeueiaeoaa i?aauaaiea a
ninoaaa ea?oaey ia ioaa/aao a? eioa?anai. Auoiaeeea ec ea?oaey a 1986 a.
e Aiaiea; iaeiaei a 1989 a., iinea caiaoiiai nieaeaiey oeai ia a?
aeiacu, aiiaue aa?ioeanue a iaai.

Iiae aii?inii caeeth/aiea i/a?aaeiiai oi?aiaiai niaeaoaiey iaaeaeo CSO e
?inneeneie eiiiaieae AE?INA, ia?aaiai?u ia oneiaeyo eioi?iai aaaeoony
oaea aieaa aiaea. Eeth/aauie i?iaeaiaie, ii eioi?ui ia?oi??u ia iiaoo
iiea iaeoe eiii?iienn, yaeythony i?aaeinoaaeaiea ?innee aieueoae
naiaiaeu a i?aaa ?anii?yaeaoueny naieie aeiacaie (ca n/?o nieaeaiey
iaycaoaeueiie eaiou), a oaeaea iiauoaiea caeoii/iuo oeai. Ca yoeie
i?iaeaiaie noiyo e eioa?anu ?inneeneie a?aieeueiie i?iiuoeaiiinoe,
caeioa?aniaaiiie a i?yiie caeoiea nu?uey o ?inneeneeo aeiauo/eeia.

A eiioea 1996 a. niiauaeinue i iiiuoeao ea?oaey onoaiiaeoue eiio?ieue
iaae i?iaeoeoeeae ia?aiai aia?eeaineiai i?iiuoeaiiiai ?oaeieea
Eaene-Eaee, a oaeaea iaae au? oieueei ieaie?oaiie aeiau/ae ia ia?aii
eaiaaeneii ianoi?iaeaeaiee Eae-aea-A?a. Iaeiaei ia?aaiai?u a iaieo
neo/ayo iiea caeii/eeenue aac?acoeueoaoii.

A iineaaeiaa a?aiy neooaoeey ia ie?iaii ?uiea iaia?aaioaiiuo aeiacia
aeinoaoi/ii aeaaiiieo/ia. Iinea i/a?aaeiie aeanoaaeeecaoeee 1990-91 aa.,
i?aiaeieaiiie a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a oneeeyie CSO De Beer's, iaaethaeaaony
onoie/eaue ?ino ni?ina.

Ae?oaeie o/anoieeaie ia?ae/iiai ?uiea, eiio?iee?othueie 25-35% i?iaeaae
nu?uo aeiacia, yaeythony Cae?, Aaia, a n ethiy 1996 a. e Aano?aeey. Cae?
yenii?oe?oao a Aa?iio /a?ac naoue caeoii/iuo eiioi? ieiei 75% naiae
i?iaeoeoeee, eioi?ay a 1995 a. ninoaaeyea ieiei 20 iei. ea?. iauae
noieiinoueth 377 iei. aeiee. Aaia yenii?oe?iaaea /anoue i?iaeoeoeee
(ieiei 4 iei. ea?.) /a?ac CSO, inoaeueiia - /a?ac naith caeoii/ioth
ei?ii?aoeeth. I?iaeoeoeey Aano?aeee, ninoaaeythuay ieiei 40 iei. ea?.,
oaia?ue any aoaeao i?iaeaaaoueny ia naiaiaeiii ?uiea - /a?ac
i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoaa a Aioaa?iaia, a Oaaeoea?ee e, aeaeeii, a Aiiaaa.
Iauay noieiinoue a? i?iaeoeoeee a 1995 a. ioeaieaaaony a 362 iei. aeiee.

Oeaia

N?aaeiyy oeaia aeiacia, ii?aaeaeaiiay /a?ac iauoth noieiinoue e ie?iaoth
aeiau/o aeiacia, ninoaaeyea a 1995 a. ieiei 50 aeiee. ca ea?ao. N?aaeiyy
oeaia nu?uo thaaee?iuo aeiacia - 182 aeiee./ea?ao, oaoie/aneeo - a
n?aaeiai 2.5 aeiee/ea?., iieothaaee?iuo ni?oia - ieiei 30 aeiee/ea?.
N?aaeiyy noieiinoue nu?uo aeiacia, eiii?oe?iaaiiuo a Aioaa?iai,
ninoaaeea 84.4 aeiee./ea?., a?eeeeaioia - 664 aeiee./ea?. A oi aea a?aiy
yenii?oe?iaaiea ec Aioaa?iaia nu?ua aeiacu a n?aaeiai noieee 61.3
aeiee./ea?., a?eeeeaiou 801.3 aeiee./ea?. NOA eiii?oe?iaaee nu?ua aeiacu
ii oeaia 548 aeiee./ea?., a?eeeeaiou iaiaa 0.5 ea?. - 218 aeiee./ea?.,
aieaa 0.5 ea?. - 1254 aeiee./ea?. N?aaeiyy yenii?oiay oeaia aia?eeaineeo
aeiacia - 1105 aeiee./ea?.

Iaeiaei yoe n?aaeiaacaaoaiiua oeeo?u, iniaaiii aeey thaaee?iuo aeiacia,
ia eiatho iniaaiiiai niunea, iineieueeo ?aaeueiay noieiinoue aeiaca -
iieacaoaeue noaoai eiaeeaeaeoaeueiue, ii?aaeaeyaiue aeey eaaeaeiai
eiie?aoiiai eaiiy e eciaiythueeny a oe?ieeo i?aaeaeao - io aeanyoeia
aeieea?ia aei nioai ouny/ aeieea?ia ca ea?ao. Ia oeaio aeeytho iiiai
oaeoi?ia, aeaaiuie ec eioi?uo yaeythony: ?acia? eaiiy, aai
i?ic?a/iinoue, ie?anea, iaee/ea aeeth/aiee, /anoioa ano?a/aaiinoe oao
eee eiuo ?aciiaeaeiinoae e, anoanoaaiii, ni?in, aeeeooaiue iiaeie.
Iaeioi?ua oi?aiaua eeanneoeeaoeee nu?uo aeiacia aeeth/atho aei 5000
ni?oia, o/eouaathueo oiiiyiooua i?eciaee eaiiae.

Oeaiu ia oaoie/aneea aeiacu ia eiatho noieue oe?ieiai ?aca?ina e
ii?aaeaeythony a iniiaiii eiiuthieoo?ie ?uiea.

МЕНЮ

Реферат: Мировая экономика алмазного сырья (RTF)

Реферат: Мировая экономика алмазного сырья (RTF)